All India Institute of Medical Sciences · New Delhi
MD · DM (Neurology) · FRCP (Edin) · FNASc · FNAMS · FIAN
Neurologist · Epileptologist · Clinician-Scientist
Educator · Institution-builder
Professor and Head, Department of Neurology, AIIMS New Delhi
Dr. S. Ramachandran Chair in Neurosciences, 2025–2027
Founder and Head, Centre of Excellence for Epilepsy
Principal Investigator, MEG Resource Facility, NBRC Manesar
Neurosciences Centre
AIIMS, New Delhi
Bibliometrics as on 2 August 2026
Profile
Administrator, team leader, neurologist, epileptologist, clinician-scientist, educator and academic leader — with more than three decades of work in clinical neurology, epilepsy, sleep neurology, cognitive neurology, autoimmune neurology, translational research, medical education and national health policy.
MBBS at MKCG Medical College, Odisha, followed by MD at Victoria and DM in Neurology at NIMHANS, Bengaluru, in 1996. After faculty service at St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru, she joined AIIMS New Delhi as Assistant Professor in December 1998, and is now Professor and Head of the Department of Neurology, holding the Dr. S. Ramachandran Chair in Neurosciences.
Her postgraduate training was extended through a postdoctoral fellowship in epilepsy and clinical neurophysiology at UCLA under Prof. Jerome Engel, a concurrent rotation at the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center, and the Penry Mini-Fellowship at Wake Forest University School of Medicine.
Three contributions stand apart. She was senior and corresponding author on the first paper with an entirely Indian authorship published in The New England Journal of Medicine. She established the clinical use of magnetoencephalography in India and set out standards for presurgical epilepsy evaluation now followed nationally. And she led a Level 1 study of yoga as an intervention to reduce stigma in epilepsy.
Twenty-eight years of continuous clinical service at AIIMS. Clinical charge of 100 neurology beds at the Neurosciences Centre and six beds at the MEG Resource Facility. Conceived and built the Centre of Excellence for Epilepsy — a single-roof service uniting neurology, neurosurgery, neuroradiology, neuropathology, neuropsychology and counselling. Sub-specialty services in drug-resistant epilepsy, dementia, sleep medicine, autoimmune neurology and headache.
Primary supervisor for 54 DM Neurology dissertations and 21 PhD scholars; more than 250 neurologists trained. Founded India's annual Basic and Advanced EEG and Polysomnography workshops. Visiting Professor at INI Hannover, Rabat and Surabaya; PhD examiner for Monash, Aarhus and Helsinki. Conducted the first ILAE Surgical Mentorship Programme, establishing an indigenous epilepsy-surgery service in Indonesia.
591 publications, 526 PubMed-indexed; 27,333 citations; h-index 66; two patents. Senior and corresponding author of the first randomised controlled trial of epilepsy surgery in children, published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Randomised trials in Neurology on yoga for epilepsy stigma and on the Modified Atkins Diet. Principal Investigator on grants from DBT, DST, ICMR, DHR, the Principal Scientific Adviser, NIH and WHO.
Founder and mentor of the Ekatwam epilepsy patient-support group; awareness and screening camps in rural and underserved districts through IREACH; President of the Delhi chapter of the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India. Contributions to the National Essential Medicines List, the National MNS Operational Guidelines, Ayushman Bharat health-benefit packages, ICMR Standard Treatment Workflows and the CBSE School Health Manuals.
Head of the Department of Neurology since 2023; Head of Unit II and of the Centre of Excellence for Epilepsy from 2011. Principal Investigator of the MEG Resource Facility across three funding phases, including its transition to CSR support. Member of the Institute Body and Standing Finance Committee, AIIMS Rishikesh. Co-administers the National Task Force on Brain Health across twelve aspirational districts.
Research Contributions
Each line of work begins with a clinical question and moves from mechanism to diagnosis, to treatment and, ultimately, to public health and education. The work has appeared in The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, JAMA Neurology, Neurology, the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, and Biological Psychiatry.
"Why do so many people with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite the availability of modern anti-seizure medications?"
Comprehensive presurgical evaluation protocols established at AIIMS and transferred across India — and internationally to Nepal, Indonesia, Kenya and Morocco. Work with multidisciplinary teams showed how neuroimaging, electrophysiology, electrocorticography, neuropathology and cognitive assessment combine to identify epileptogenic networks more accurately.
Success measured not only by seizure freedom, but by restored quality of life and reduced stigma.
Led the first clinical application of MEG in India, evaluating it systematically alongside SPECT and other modalities. Prospective blinded studies demonstrated the additional diagnostic value of magnetic source imaging in presurgical localisation, improving confidence in surgical decision-making.
At the Prof. P. N. Tandon Neurobiology Laboratory, resected ictal-onset tissue from operated patients was studied to map the mechanisms of epileptogenesis — GABA receptor dysfunction, glutamate-mediated excitation, inflammatory pathways, epigenetic regulation, oxidative stress, lipidomics, proteomics, tryptophan–kynurenine metabolism, Wnt and fibronectin–integrin signalling, and focal cortical dysplasias.
First to document the use of mobile-phone home videos in diagnosing epilepsy and distinguishing epileptic from functional dissociative seizures. Randomised controlled trial of the Modified Atkins Diet in adolescents and adults — to her group's knowledge the first trial of this dietary therapy in an adult population — published in Neurology, 2023. Also intranasal midazolam, mHealth-supported adherence and the pharmacoeconomics of anti-seizure medication.
Research extending into AI, robotic stereoelectroencephalography, network analysis, minimally invasive epilepsy surgery and precision neuroimaging, supported by an ICMR grant — treating epilepsy not as a single lesion but as a disorder of interconnected brain networks.
Work on epilepsy-related stigma, depression, quality of life, women's health, cognitive outcomes, community awareness and equitable access — feeding directly into national treatment guidelines, educational initiatives and health policy.
A single continuing enquiry: from where seizures arise, to why, to better detection, better therapy, and systems of care that bring precision medicine within reach of every person living with epilepsy.
"Can Alzheimer's disease be detected earlier and diagnosed more accurately in Indian patients — and can modern dementia care be made accessible to them?"
Demographic, vascular, nutritional, metabolic and genetic risk factors of particular relevance to the Indian setting. Contributions to Lancet Neurology on dementia in developing countries documented the burden in low- and middle-income countries and argued that prevention and early diagnosis would become a leading health priority of the century.
Joined the national effort to develop and validate the MUDRA–ICMR Neurocognitive Toolbox. Validated the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in five Indian languages, developed culturally appropriate picture-naming tests, and adapted the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination for illiterate populations — so cognitive impairment can be identified irrespective of a patient's language or literacy.
With the National Brain Research Centre, demonstrated that brain glutathione depletion occurs in the earliest stages of Alzheimer's disease — published in Biological Psychiatry, establishing oxidative stress as an early biological event and glutathione as an imaging biomarker detecting neurodegeneration before substantial neuronal loss.
Candidate biomarkers including serum tau, phosphorylated tau, glutathione, Sestrin, Sirtuin-1, folate pathway alterations, inflammatory cytokines and APOE interactions. Metabolomics work has identified pathways not previously implicated, and examined how the gut microbiota influences neurodegeneration — a view of Alzheimer's as a systems disease.
Non-pharmacological interventions — yoga, meditation, cognitive training, probiotics and caregiver support — with recorded gains in quality of life, cognition, brain network efficiency and gut microbiome composition. Using MEG, meditation was shown to enhance small-world brain network efficiency in attention and executive control systems.
The evidence generated has informed national dementia guidelines, neurocognitive assessment tools for national use, the Dementia India Report, disability evaluation frameworks, school health manuals, ICMR Standard Treatment Workflows, Ayushman Bharat health packages and national cognitive screening initiatives.
"Sleep is not a passive interval between periods of waking but an active biological repair process — and one of the most powerful modifiable determinants of lifelong neurological and cardiovascular health."
Early work laid the foundations of sleep medicine in India through practical guidance on polysomnography and the assessment of insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, parasomnias and sleep disorders arising in neurological disease.
The Childhood and Adolescent Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (CASEQ), developed and validated by her group, is among the first validated ICSD-3-based screening instruments for children — giving clinicians and researchers a standardised tool for identifying sleep disorders in children and adolescents.
High prevalence of sleep abnormality demonstrated in children with drug-resistant epilepsy, establishing sleep assessment as integral to epilepsy management. Studies of sleep after stroke showed disturbance to be common, under-recognised and associated with poorer recovery — establishing sleep as a determinant of neurological outcome rather than an accompanying symptom.
Population-based studies showed obstructive sleep apnoea and poor sleep quality are associated with impaired cognition in middle-aged and elderly adults, with poor sleep efficiency particularly affecting executive function and episodic memory — identifying sleep as a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline.
Her sleep laboratory was an international investigator site in the SAVE trial, published in the New England Journal of Medicine — the largest randomised trial of CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea, and one of the largest clinical evidence bases in the field.
A randomised clinical trial demonstrated that Yoga Nidra significantly improves sleep in chronic insomnia — the first high-quality global evidence for this accessible non-pharmacological intervention. Electrophysiological studies further showed it induces measurable local sleep-like brain activity, offering a biological correlate of its therapeutic effect.
"Can headache care move beyond the relief of symptoms to the identification of underlying biological mechanisms and the delivery of safer, evidence-based therapy?"
Early clinical studies characterised migraine in Indian populations at a time when headache disorders were relatively under-recognised — establishing an epidemiological foundation that helped clinicians regard migraine as a common and disabling neurological illness rather than recurrent head pain.
Studies of chronic tension-type headache examined the contribution of excessive temporalis muscle activity, demonstrating that persistent headache reflects an interaction between peripheral muscle activity and central pain-processing networks.
The CONTAIN randomised clinical trial, published in Neurology, established yoga as an effective adjunctive therapy in migraine — supplying controlled clinical evidence for its incorporation into neurological care rather than treating it as an alternative practice.
Pilot studies showed low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation could reduce pain and disability in chronic tension-type headache; a subsequent randomised controlled trial confirmed rTMS as a non-invasive treatment option for patients who continue to experience disabling headache despite conventional treatment.
Current Programmes as Principal Investigator
Landmark Publications
Randomised trials, diagnostic method development, international consensus and global burden-of-disease collaboration. Impact factors range from 4.3 to 88.5. The complete list runs to 591 entries.
Dwivedi R, Ramanujam B, Chandra PS, … Tripathi M (corresponding author), … Sarkar C, Tripathi M. N Engl J Med 2017;377:1639–1647.
The first randomised controlled trial of surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy in children, and the first all-Indian-authored study published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Adding surgery to medical therapy produced a significantly higher proportion of seizure-free children at one year, establishing surgery as standard care — and demonstrating that trial evidence of this order can be generated in India.
GBD 2020 Release 1 Vaccine Coverage Collaborators. Lancet 2021 Aug 7;398(10299):503–521.
The highest-impact paper in this list. A Global Burden of Disease analysis across four decades and 204 countries, exposing stalled progress and the coverage losses of 2020 — evidence of participation in the large international consortia that generate the estimates on which national and global health policy is set.
McEvoy RD, Antic NA, Heeley E, … Tripathi M, … Anderson CS; SAVE Investigators. N Engl J Med 2016 Sep 8;375(10):919–31.
The largest randomised trial of CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep apnoea, conducted in patients with established vascular disease. CPAP did not significantly reduce major cardiovascular events but did improve snoring, daytime sleepiness, mood and quality of life — resetting expectations of CPAP as a cardiovascular preventive therapy.
Yardi R, Englot DJ, Wu C, Davis K, Baxendale S, Tripathi M, Jehi L. Lancet Neurol 2026 Jan;25(1):77–89.
An invited Lancet Neurology review setting out how advanced imaging, stereo-EEG, robotics, artificial intelligence and network analysis are moving epilepsy surgery towards personalised medicine — synthesising the evidence on precision localisation and individualised surgical planning, and outlining the field's research priorities.
Kalaria RN, Maestre GE, Arizaga R, … Tripathi M, … Williams J. World Federation of Neurology Dementia Research Group. Lancet Neurol 2008;7(9):812–26.
A World Federation of Neurology review that drew early attention to the rising dementia burden in low- and middle-income nations, and remains a frequently cited reference for dementia epidemiology and policy in those settings.
GBD Epilepsy Collaborators. Lancet Public Health 2025 Mar;10(3):e203–e227.
A systematic analysis of epilepsy across three decades, quantifying prevalence, mortality and disability at global, regional and national level and documenting persistent inequities in low- and middle-income countries. It forms part of the evidence base used for epilepsy health policy and resource allocation.
Kaur K, Sharma G, Dwivedi R, … Tripathi M. Neurology 2023 Dec 4;101(23):e2388–e2400.
A randomised controlled trial showing that a structured yoga intervention significantly reduced felt stigma in adults with epilepsy compared with a sham programme, with accompanying gains in quality of life and seizure-related outcomes — controlled evidence that a low-cost mind–body intervention can address the social stigma borne by people with epilepsy.
Manral M, Dwivedi R, Gulati S, … Tripathi M. Neurology 2023 Mar 28;100(13):e1376–e1385.
A randomised controlled trial showing that the Modified Atkins Diet, added to standard therapy, is safe, well tolerated and significantly reduces seizures in adolescents and adults with drug-resistant epilepsy — rigorous evidence for an affordable dietary therapy in a population for which such data were scarce.
Jaykar P, Gaillard WD, Tripathi M, Libenson MH, Mathern GW, Cross JH; ILAE Task Force for Epilepsy Surgery. Epilepsia 2014;55(4):507–18.
An International League Against Epilepsy Task Force consensus standardising how diagnostic tests should be used when evaluating children for epilepsy surgery — a reference framework used by paediatric epilepsy-surgery programmes internationally.
Tripathi M, Kaur K, Ramanujam B, … Chandra PS. Eur J Neurol 2021 Sep;28(9):2940–2951.
A prospective, blinded study establishing the added diagnostic value of MEG-based magnetic source imaging in presurgical evaluation, showing it yields non-redundant localising information that alters surgical decision-making — drawing on India's first clinical magnetoencephalography facility, which she leads.
Institutional Leadership
Set out in terms of responsibility carried, systems built and resources raised, rather than titles held.
The Centre of Excellence for Epilepsy
The Centre did not exist when she began. She conceived it, secured its funding, and built it into a single-roof, multidisciplinary service in which neurologists, neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists, neuropathologists, neuropsychologists, dieticians and counsellors work around one patient.
Within it she established India's first clinical magnetoencephalography service, initiated under the SAHAJ scheme of the Department of Biotechnology, and carried it through three successive funding phases — Phases I and II under DBT grant support, and Phase III on corporate social responsibility funding after the grant cycle closed.
"Sustaining a national facility beyond the life of its founding grant required identifying a corporate partner, negotiating the terms, and satisfying both institutional and donor governance. It is the same problem an institution faces at a larger scale."
Exported, not retained
Presurgical evaluation and epilepsy-management protocols developed at the Centre have been transferred to sister AIIMS institutions, NIMHANS, the Neurofoundation Hospital at Salem and SMS Medical College Jaipur — and to centres in Nepal, Indonesia, Morocco and Israel.
Present scope of responsibility
Governance and Financial Responsibility
Systems Built and Reformed
Resource Mobilisation
Research and infrastructure funding secured and administered as Principal Investigator from DBT, DST, ICMR, DHR, the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser, the United States NIH, the WHO, international university consortia (Auckland, Monash) and corporate social responsibility partners.
Teaching and Mentorship
Primary supervisor for 54 DM Neurology dissertations and 21 PhD scholars, and mentor to more than 250 neurologists and neuroscientists — teaching across MBBS, DM, PhD, nursing and allied-health cadres since 1998.
Orations and International Teaching
Orations, keynote lectures, grand rounds and invited presentations at UCLA, the Cleveland Clinic, the Montreal Neurological Institute, Northwestern University and Rush University, as well as institutions in Egypt and Morocco. Visiting Professor in Germany, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Morocco.
She established India's annual Basic and Advanced EEG and Polysomnography Workshops and continues to lead national epilepsy schools and advanced neuroscience training programmes. PhD examiner for Monash, Aarhus and Helsinki.
The ILAE Surgical Mentorship Programme · Indonesia, 2024
She conducted the first ILAE Surgical Mentorship Programme, jointly with Prof. P. Sarat Chandra, to develop epilepsy-surgery capability in Indonesia — a country of more than 270 million people which until then had no dedicated epilepsy-surgery centre. It was hosted by Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya.
Policy, Public Health and Access
Clinical excellence confined to a tertiary campus reaches only those who can arrive at its gate. Much of this work has therefore been directed outward — and for stigmatised conditions such as epilepsy and dementia, public education is not adjunct to it but a therapeutic act in its own right.
National Roles
Instruments Contributed To
Access, Outreach and Patient Support
She leads the Ekatwam Epilepsy Patient Support Group, the IREACH epilepsy awareness and rural outreach programmes, and initiatives through the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India — facilitating access to epilepsy surgery, medication, dementia care, caregiver support and public education.
Honours, Awards and Distinctions
National Academy of Medical Sciences (India), at NAMSCON-2025, PGIMER Chandigarh
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
National Academy of Medical Sciences (India)
Indian Academy of Neurology
Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
National Academy of Sciences, India
American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin — Sleep (AAPIOS), San Antonio, Texas
Omnicuris, CME Excellence Summit and Awards 2019
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
BMJ
For extraordinary contribution to epilepsy — 11th Asian & Oceanian Epilepsy Congress, Hong Kong (ILAE / IBE)
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Integrated Rural Development Society
Armed Forces Medical College, Pune
Anatomy, Physiology and Medicine — Berhampur University
Career and Training
Positions
AIIMS New Delhi. Clinical, academic and administrative charge. Professor since 2011.
With administrative charge of the MEG Resource Facility, NBRC Manesar.
AIIMS New Delhi.
AIIMS New Delhi.
AIIMS New Delhi. Joined December 1998.
St. John's Medical College, Bengaluru.
NIMHANS, Bengaluru — a six-year integrated programme, the first two years in general medicine at Victoria and Bowring Hospitals.
Education and Advanced Training
American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
Wake Forest University School of Medicine.
University of California, Los Angeles — faculty sponsor Prof. Jerome Engel. With a concurrent sleep rotation at the UCLA Sleep Disorders Center, David Geffen School of Medicine.
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center.
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru.
Victoria and Bowring Hospitals, Bengaluru — within the NIMHANS integrated programme.
MKCG Medical College, Berhampur University, Odisha. Gold medals in Anatomy, Physiology and Medicine.
Public Education and Media
Sustained public education through national television, print and digital media — on epilepsy, dementia, sleep and brain health.
On AIIMS becoming the first government hospital to offer MR-guided focused ultrasound for tremor and Parkinson's disease. Quoted extensively as principal source.
Read → Outlook India · 25 Nov 2025Long-form feature on India's epilepsy treatment gap and stigma, with Prof. Tripathi as the lead expert voice.
Read → American Academy of Neurology · 8 Nov 2023Official AAN press release announcing the AIIMS randomised trial of yoga for epilepsy-related stigma, published in Neurology.
Read → ScienceDaily · 6 Jan 2023International coverage of the Modified Atkins Diet randomised trial in drug-resistant epilepsy.
Read → NeurologyLive · 8 Feb 2024US clinical trade coverage naming her senior author: "Yoga offers an efficacious method to address these comorbidities in a clinical setting."
Read → Business Standard · 20 Jun 2026On the AIIMS study of yoga, cognition and the gut microbiome in early Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
Read → Outlook India · 20 Dec 2025On the national training programme to widen access to deep brain stimulation, led by Prof. Tripathi with the Movement Disorders team.
Read → The Tribune · 18 Sep 2025World Alzheimer's Day report on early identification, warning signs after 55, and lifestyle-based risk reduction.
Read → Health Dialogues · 10 Jul 2026Coverage of the AIIMS study on functional dissociative seizures published in Epilepsy & Behavior, with an extended interview.
Read → Doordarshan National · 17 Nov 2023National broadcast on National Epilepsy Day, answering viewers' questions on epilepsy and its management.
Watch → DD News · c. July 2026An episode of the DD News health programme devoted to brain health, appearing as the expert neurologist.
Watch → AIIMS TelemedicineAn official AIIMS awareness film setting out the essential facts about epilepsy and its treatment.
Watch →A representative selection. Prof. Tripathi has also appeared as invited international faculty at the American Epilepsy Society Annual Course, in the ILAE webinar series, and at the World Congress on Controversies in Neurology (CONy), and serves on ILAE task forces for seizure classification, driving, EpiNAE and paediatric epilepsy surgery.
Contact
Academic Profiles
Areas of interest: epilepsy including drug-resistant epilepsy and epilepsy surgery · sleep disorders · cognitive disorders including dementia and Alzheimer's disease · multiple sclerosis and autoimmune neurology · neuroimmunology · neuroimaging · translational neuroscience.